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The thoracic spine is the long middle portion of the back and is the longest portion of the spinal column. It consists of 12 vertebrae, ranging from the T1 vertebrae to T10, and is located directly behind the chest. The ribs of the chest connect to thoracic spine, protecting vital organs in the torso. Vertebrae on this portion of the spine are slightly larger than those of the cervical spine, but are not as big as the vertebrae of the lumbar spine. Because the thoracic spine is attached to the rib cage, the movement of this portion of the back is limited. Nerves in the thoracic spine are also extremely important. They are responsible the function of the heart, lungs, liver, stomach, and other crucial organs in the body that are controlled by the sympathetic nervous system.

Although the thoracic spine�s movement is restricted, injuries can still develop. Fractures are one type of injury that can occur in elderly patients, particularly in those suffering from osteoporosis or have low bone density. Additionally, fractures in the thoracic spine can also occur in athletes and overextension problems can occur.

With many fractures and other types of thoracic spine pain, a single injury may be the cause of pain. Automobile accidents are among the most common of these instances. Falls or other trauma that places severe pressure on the thoracic spine can also lead to serious damage in the area.
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